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You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and self-actualization. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?

QUESTION 1

 

“Children who watch violent cartoons will become more aggressive.” According to the scientific method, this statement is most likely a(n) ________.

 

conclusion

 

result

 

hypothesis

 

fact

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 2

 

“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” is a statement associated with the perspective of ________.

 

introspection

 

functionalism

 

psychoanalysis

 

Gestalt psychologists

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 3

 

A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a ________.

 

representative sample

 

case study

 

single-blind study

 

naturalistic observation

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 4

 

A group of randomly selected subjects for a study that matches the population on important characteristics such as age and sex is called ________.

 

volunteer bias

 

a representative sample

 

an experimental group

 

a control group

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 5

 

According to Freud, unconscious urges:

 

are able to be suppressed.

 

only pertain to sex.

 

attempt to surface and affect our behaviors.

 

have no impact on everyday life.

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 6

 

At the close of the nineteenth century, Gerhard is excited to find that he has been accepted for training in the psychology laboratory of Wilhelm Wundt. It is likely that Gerhard will be trained to ________.

 

analyze how to break down his sensations into their most basic elements

 

determine the function or purpose of a particular human behavior

 

listen intently while individuals tell him of their depression or nervousness

 

carefully feel the bumps on a person’s head in order to determine his or her character traits

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 7

 

Dr. Braunz has been treating a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. She decides to write a prescription for Ritalin. Given this information, it is most likely that Dr. Braunz is a ________.

 

psychiatrist

 

psychoanalyst

 

humanistic psychologist

 

school psychologist

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 8

 

Freud said phobias were ________ whereas Watson said phobias were ________.

 

learned; inherited

 

repressed conflicts; learned

 

sexual; unconscious

 

conditioned; unconditioned

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 9

 

Objective introspection requires:

 

metaphysical experiences.

 

self-skepticism about experiences.

 

empiricism.

 

reflection on the self.

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 10

 

The belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on one’s behavior is part of what early field of psychology?

 

structuralism

 

functionalism

 

psychoanalysis

 

behaviorism

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 11

 

The goals of psychology are to ________.

 

explore the conscious and unconscious functions of the human mind

 

understand, compare, and analyze human behavior

 

improve psychological well-being in all individuals from birth until death

 

describe, explain, predict, and control behavior

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 12

 

The tendency to look for information that supports one’s own belief is called ________.

 

the principle of falsifiability

 

confirmation bias

 

criterion validity

 

volunteer bias

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 13

 

The word correlation is often used as a synonym for ________.

 

validity

 

reliability

 

variable

 

relationship

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 14

 

Unintended changes in participants’ behavior due to cues inadvertently given by the experimenter are called ________.

 

replications

 

experimenter effects

 

volunteer biases

 

single-blind studies

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 15

 

What advice might John B. Watson have offered to psychologists of his time?

 

“Focus on observable behavior.”

 

“Life is an effort to overcome inferiority.”

 

“We cannot know others until we know ourselves.”

 

“Remember that what we accomplish is due to the composition of our genes.”

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 16

 

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

 

Participants may not withdraw once they start.

 

Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the research.

 

Participants cannot be subjected to any physically or emotionally painful stimuli.

 

Deception must be justified.

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 17

 

Which of the following is a common ethical guideline suggested by the American Psychological Association?

 

Participants may not withdraw once they start.

 

Participants must be allowed to make an informed decision.

 

Participants cannot be subjected to shock of any kind.

 

Participants cannot be deceived about aspects of the research.

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 18

 

Which of the following situations best illustrates the placebo effect?

 

You sleep because you are tired.

 

You throw up after eating bad meat.

 

You have surgery to repair a defective heart valve.

 

You drink a nonalcoholic drink and become “intoxicated” because you think it contains alcohol.

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 19

 

Which of the following statements is true about naturalistic observation?

 

It recreates natural conditions in the laboratory as closely as possible to make an experiment more valid.

 

It involves observing behavior in its natural context.

 

It is basically the same process as objective introspection.

 

It involves observing behavior in the lab without taking formal notes or using technological equipment to measure the experimental findings.

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 20

 

Which of these is the most accurate definition of the discipline of psychology?

 

the scientific study of behavior

 

the scientific study of mental processes

 

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

 

the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 21

 

Which treatment approach did Sigmund Freud develop for treating his patients?

 

drug therapy

 

neuropsychology

 

clinical psychology

 

psychoanalysis

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 22

 

Which type of psychologist would be most likely to argue that a criminal engages in unlawful behavior because he grew up around older boys who engaged in criminal activities?

 

Gestaltist

 

behavioralist

 

psychodynamic

 

functionalist

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 23

 

Who was an early proponent of functionalism?

 

Ivan Pavlov

 

William James

 

Wilhelm Wundt

 

Max Wertheimer

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 24

 

You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and self-actualization. Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?

 

behaviorism

 

humanism

 

functionalism

 

psychodynamics

4 points   Save Answer

QUESTION 25

 

________ is an experiment in which participants do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group, but the experimenters do know which participants are part of which group.

 

The double-blind study

 

Field research

 

The single-blind study

 

Correlational research

 

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